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Members

As of this writing, Taylor Family Genes has 360 members in this haplogroup, about 71% of the total membership.

• 215 (60%) are matched (grouped) into 54 genetic Taylor families based on similarity of their haplotypes.
• 145 are presently ungrouped; they have no genealogically significant matches within the project.

Almost all -- 98% -- of R1b Taylor Family Genes members are in the R1b1a2 (R-M269) subclade. Of those, 50 have tested SNPs for subclades of R1b1a2 and all have been found to be R1b1a2a1a (R-P310). Also, there is this from ISOGG:

"Haplogroup R1b1a2-M269 is observed most frequently in Europe, especially western Europe, but with notable frequency in southwest Asia... The Atlantic Modal Haplotype, or AMH, is the most common STR haplotype in haplogroup R1b1a2a1a1-L11/S127 and most European R1b1a2 belongs to haplogroups R1b1a2a1a1a-S21/U106 or R1b1a2a1a1b-P312/S116."

About this Haplogroup

Haplogroup R1b is believed to have originated less than 18.5 kya in West Asia; it may be as little as 4,000 years old  Its defining SNP is M343.

• Its parent is R1 (SNP: M173).
• Its descendants are subclades of R1b . `
  • R1b1 is defined by SNP P25.
  • R1b2 is not found.
  • R1b1a is defined by SNP P297.
  • R1b1a1  is defined by SNP M73
  • R1b1a2  is defined by SNP M269. See this page.
• Its sibling is R1a (R-M420)

R1b is most frequent today in Western Europe (R1b1a2, R-M269) and parts of Sub-Saharan Central Africa (R1b1c, R-V88)).

The R1b haplogroup is a branch of the macro-group R; the other main variants are R1a (found mostly in central and eastern Europe) and R2 (found mainly in South Asia). R is believed to have originated 23-40 kya  (thousands of years ago) and R1b on the order of 20 kya..

R1b has recently undergone a major reclassification of its sub-clades and we expect more to come.  FTDNA classifications reflect subdivisions as agreed by the Y Chromosome Consortium in 2010, but perhaps not the the 2013 classifications by ISOGG .

R1b with no subsequent mutations is rare; most people in this haplogroup will fall into one of the sub-clades (R1b1a, R1b1b or R1b1c) with further testing; all share the SNP mutation known as M343. A common haplotype is the Atlantic Modal Haplotype (or haplotype 15), corresponding to subclade R1b1b2a1a.

Haplogroup projects

Members of this haplogroup may want to consider joining the DNA project for it. See http://www.familytreedna.com/public/r1b/ or one of those listed at http://www.isogg.org/wiki/Y-DNA_haplogroup_projects

Highest frequencies

People of Atlantic Europe:
Irish 93%, Basques 92%, Welsh 86%, Northern Portuguese 80%, Scottish 77%, English 75%, Belgians 70%, Spanish 65%, Dutch 65%, Southern Portuguese 60%, Bashkirs 55%, German 45%, Hausa 40%, Czechs and Slovaks 36%, Armenians 36%, Italian 36%,

Others: Turkmens 35%, Chad 20-35% and Hazara 32%, Chadic speakers.

Graphic from Wikipedia, created by user Crates and used in accord with the license. (No copying for commercial use.)

Notice the wide light-red swath (15% frequency) running from the Baltic in the north to central Asia. The darker red (25%) runs from Scandinavia also to Central Asia. Next darker (40%) includes Iceland.& runs from western Scandinavia to northern Italy.  The 50% swath runs through central Germany & France into the Iberian Peninsula. The 80% (darkest red) swath includes northern Iberia (Spain & Portugal) , western France, Germany, and the British Isles.

The reader is advised to visit the information on Wikipedia.  

Origins & Spread

Rib may have developed in the northern part of the Middle East or on the steppes of the Caucasus during the Ice Age and is associated with the spread of Indo-European languages, farming and bronze tools and weapons. During the early Neolithic Age, R1b men crossed over from present-day Turkey to the Pontic-Caspian steppe and made the transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age. They were first to domesticate horses,  ~4,000 BC, and work bronze. Their horses and bronze weapons gave them a military and reproductive advantage in westward expansion over the older peoples of western Europe. Their Indo-European based languages came to replace the older languages of the Cro-Magnon peoples.

According to Kylosov and Tomezzoli,

• "We can add to our earlier description of haplogroup R1b’s (the Arbin’s) migratory route the following points: around 6500 - 6000 ybp, on its way from the Russian Plain south over the Caucasus and probably—concurrently—along the eastern side of the Caspian Sea and Eastern Iran, it moved to the Middle East, the Tigris and Euphrates basin; between 6000 and 5000 ybp it apparently established th e Sumerian civilization; between 4800 and 4500 ybp it moved to Europe following several routes. One route brought the Arbins through Northern Africa to the Pyrenees. Between 4800 and 4500 ybp, they arrived in continental Europe as bearers of the Bell-Beaker culture; another route brought the Arbins to Europe through the Mediterranean islands and the Apennines; around 4500 ybp, yet another route brought the Arbins to Europe via the Pontic steppes. In the first part of their migration, along the northern Eurasian route, the Arbins crossed territories, populated at least for the last two millennia (and very probably also much earlier), by speakers of Turkic languages, such as Chuvashes, Bashkirs, Tatars. We can conclude that the Arbins might have carried languages which were proto-Turkic, or Dene-Caucasian, or Sino-Tibetan. We tentatively call these languages Arbin, or R1b, or Non Indo European (NIE) agglutinative languages. In the Caucasus, the Arbins left the northern Caucasian group of lan- guages, together with a characteristic vigesimal counting sys- tem. Two thousand years later, the Arbins brought the same base-20 counting system to the Pyrenees. The R1b bearers brought their Arbin language(s) first to Mesopotamia, then to the Sumer state (Assyrians, the likely descendants of the Sumerians, today are largely R1b bearers, which is unusual for the Middle East [Klyosov, 2012b]), then to Iberia, where the present day Basques, 87% - 93% of whom belong to haplogroup R1b, also employ the vigesimal counting system. As Bell Beaker tribes the Arbins moved north to continental Europe, and brought their agglutinative NIE languages, which apparently were spoken in Europe between 4500 and 3500 - 3000 ybp, and up into the Common Era (e.g., probably, Picts) and to the present (Basques).
  The R1b bearers brought their Arbin language(s) first to Mesopotamia, then to the Sumer state (Assyrians, the likely descendants of the Sumerians, today are largely R1b bearers, which is unusual for the Middle East [Klyosov, 2012b]), then to Iberia, where the present day Basques, 87% - 93% of whom belong to haplogroup R1b, also employ the vigesimal counting system. As Bell Beaker tribes the Arbins moved north to continental Europe, and brought their agglutinative NIE languages, which apparently were spoken in Europe between 4500 and 3500 - 3000 ybp, and up into the Common Era (e.g., probably, Picts) and to the present (Basques).

U106 and P312

Kylosov and Tomezzoli, state that the subclades R-U106 & P312 arose on the Iberian peninsula about 4.8 kya.

See the excellent maps and discussion at Eupedia.

Y-DNA Values

We do not publish individual members' Y-DNA results. They may be viewed on the Family Tree DNA public site,  http://www.familytreedna.com/public/taylorfamilygenes/default.aspx?section=yresults